3. IMPORTANT GROUPS AND CULTIVARS
• Asiatic Hybrids
• Oriental Hybrids
• Longiflorum Hybrids (Easter Lilies)
• LA Hybrids
• LO Hybrids
4. Lilium
Important Cultivars:
Asiatic: Connecticut King, Elite, Gran
Paradiso, Pollyanna, Prato, Brunello
Oriental: Acapulco, Berlin, Casa Blanca, Kyoto, Olympic Star, Star
Gazer, Marco Polo
L/A Hybrids: Royal Parade, Moneymaker, San
Jose, Brindisii, Lateya, Pavia, Litouwen,Menorca
14. Manuring and Fertilization
• FYM: 6-8kg/m2
• N: 140kg/hac(CAN: 560 kg)
• P2O5: 280kg/hac(SSP:1750 kg)
• K2O: 200kg/hac(MOP:300.33 kg)
15. Harvesting and Post Harvest Handling
Optimum Stage: Fully developed lower bud showing
colour (depending upon number of buds)
Time of harvest: Early in the morning
Grading: according to the number of flower buds per stem,
length , firmness of stem
Packing: Bunching of 10 stems and packing in perforated
corrugated boxes
16. Lifting of bulbs
• Reduce frequency of irrigation. Allow the bulbs to remain in bed till the
above ground portion dries out.
• Stage of Harvesting: 45-50 days after cut flower harvest in Asiatic, 55-
60days in Orientals
• Bulbs are dug carefully without damaging the scales along with dried stem
• Remove the dried stem
• Remove the adhering soil and debris
17. Post harvest Treatment of Bulbs
• Wash the bulbs and treat with a solution of Dithane(0.25%)+Bavistin(0.1%) for
30 min.
• Air dry in shade
• Place the bulbs in moist sterile sawdust/ cocopeat in layers
• Cover with perforated plastic sleeves
• Keep the crates in cold storage at 20C for desired time
• (6-8weeks in Asiatic, 8-10 weeks in oriental hybrids).
• Monitor the trays regularly for any rotting/ fungal infection
18. Raising the crop in the next season
• Commercial Practice: to discard and destroy the bulbs and use of fresh
planting stock
• Increasing the bulb size:
• Disbudding
• Paclobutrazol 25ppm soaking treatment to bulbs before planting.
19. Scale with basal plate
Treatment of scales with fungicides
Planting of scales in different media
after growth regulator treatments
PROPAGATION
Lilium bulbs
20. Sprouting of scales Bulblets after 6months
Bulblets after 2 months
Bulblets replanted for
increasing size
10 months old Plants One year old bulblets
21. Diseases
Gray Mould: (Botrytis elliptica)
• Symptoms:circular or oval and yellowish to reddish brown spots on the leaves.
• Control: this disease is prevented by spraying copper fungicide in early spring. Spray with Bordeaux mixture @ 2% has
been found useful. Fungicides like captan, thiram are also effective.
Bulb rot: (Fussarium oxysporum f. sp.lilii.)
• Symptoms:Lower leaves that grow from infected bulbs became yellow and dry prematurely. In severe infection
plants become stunted in growth and extensively rotted scales are observed.
• Control: removal of infected plants from the field. Drenching the soil with formalin, tetrachlor or captan. Stem
sterilization of the soil..
22. Foot rot: (Phytophthora cactorum)
• Symptoms: infected parts become shrunken and plants wither and die.
• Control: good drainage is very important to prevent the disease. Avoid the cultivation in wet
weather condition. Affected plants should be dug up and destroyed. Bordeaux mixture or
copper fungicides should be applied to control the disease.
Penicillium rot: (Penicillium)
• Symptoms: rotting spots covered first with white and later with fluffy bluish green fungus on scales
• Control: store the bulbs at lowest recommanded temperature. Remove infected scales/bulbs.
23. Insect Pests
Aphids:
Damage: suck the cell sap from growing terminal points, also from the foliage
Control: spraying with malation checks aphids.
Lily beetle(Lilioceris lilii)
Damage:both larvae and adults feed on the leaves, stems, seed pods of lily, causing
serious damage. Beetles attacks found on younger plants which has green
leaves.
Control: beetle are easily controlled by spraying with malathion
Manually beetles controlled by individual picking from the plant.
24. Lily thrips: (Liothrips vaneeckei and Taeniothrips simplex )
Symptoms: damaged bulbs produce rust coloured sunken areas at the base of
outer scales, which become soft and break off easily.
Plants grown infected bulbs are stunted
Control: to destroy the thrips, the bulbs should be
stored at a temperature below 10oC
Dipping the bulbs for an hour in hot water at 500C to control the
pest.
Bulb mite: (Rhizogliphus echinopus)
Symptoms: the infected leaves and stems become yellow
Infected scales are easily detached from the bulbs
Control: bulbs should be grown in the properly drained soil and crop
rotation should be followed
25. Physiological disorders
Bud drop and desiccation
Cause: insufficient light conditions, too dry soil condition
• Varieties susceptible to bud drop should not be planted at poor light conditions
• Improve general growing conditions including soil moisture level
• Leaf Scorch
Cause: Sudden change in relative humidity of the environment
• Improve general growing conditions including soil moisture level